Clock-movement



2 Shasta-Sheet. 2. A. E. HOTGHKI'SS.-

CLOCK MOVEMENT.

No. 10,062. Reissued Mar. 14,1882.

VIo

the back of the clock-case.

tached to the case, to one of' which the outer UNITED' hSTATES `ARTHUR HOTcHKiss, 0F

PATENT Farce.

CHESHIRE, CONNECTICUT.

eLook-MOVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 10,062, dated March 14, 1882. Original No. 221,310, dated November 4, 1879; Reissue No. 9,656, dated April 12, 1881. Application for reissue filed .Tnly 19, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR E. Ho'rc'HKrss, of Cheshire, in thef'county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Clock-Movements, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to an improvement in clock-movements, the object being to makea clock-movement which shall be simple and durable in its construction, of small initial cost in manufact-ure, andthe several parts of which shall. be relatively arranged in such manner that the movement maybe inclosed ina small and compact case.

To this end the invention consists essentially in dividing the train into two parts; in arrang ing the divisions of the train in a frame having three plates; in providing an additional wheel and pinion between the escapewheel and center wheel; in making the three wheels between the escape-wheel and center wheel with the same number of teeth and of the same size; in arranging the pivots of the three arbors carrying the Athree like wheels and pinions. between the escape-wheel and -ceutel wheel-in the circumference; of circles which are concentric with `the center arbor, and in other minor improvementsas the inventionis hereinafter more fully described and explained hy reference to the drawings.

In the accompanying' drawings, Figuie l is a perspective view of the movement as itis arranged in the case. 4Fig. 2 is an elevation ot' Fig. 3 is a view of thc mainspring and hub to which the inner end of the spring is attached, and of the back plate and posts by which the'movement is atend of the spring is attached. Fig. 4. is a section of the back and middle plates, and ofthe rotating disk and its hub. 1t shows also two ofthe posts for attaching the movement to the case; also, two of the pillars for connecting the front plate to the middle-plate and a portion of the rack. Fig. 5 is a front view of the recessed circular rack and middle plate in positiou. Fig. 6 is a view of the front and middle plates and the pillars by which they are connected. Fig. 7 .is a view of the pawl or dog attached to the center wheel, of the ratchetwhecl, centerA pinion, and center arbor. In A Fig. S are two views of a dial. Fig. 9 is a view of a minute-hand. Fig. 10 is a view of the key. Fig. 1l is a. view ot the pendulum, of the device for holding the ball against the adjustingnut, and ot' the verge. guide for the pendulum-ball. Fig. 13 is a view of portions of the rotating disk and rack, of the center pinion, and planet-wheel for connecting the rack with the center pinion.

To enable others to make my improved move `ment in the way contemplated, I will describe its several parts in detail, and also the means by'which the movement isattached to the case.

The `frame of thel movement is made with three plates, a front, middle, and back plate, the front and middle plates being connected by pillars, and the middle and back plates by the rack. The front plate, K, and the middle plate, J, Fig. 6, are punched from sheet metal, andare open plates, as this kind ot' plates are called-that is, they arepunchcd with such parts only as are requisite for the support of the train and for connecting the plates. The middle plate, J, is punched with projections which are bent at right angles to the plate, and form 'sheet-metal pillars J. of these pillars are narrower than their other parts, and shoulders are thus formed on the pillars. rlhese narrow ends pass through slots in the front plate, K, and are twisted to hold the plate against the shoulders. The back plate,C, Figs.3 and 4,is a circularsheet-metal plate, and is punched -with projections which are bent at right angles to the plate and form sheet-metal posts C. The rear endsvof these posts are narrower than their other'parts,and shoulders are thus t'ormcd on the posts.- These narrow ends pass through slots iu the back ot' .the case, and are bent downward to hold the movement to the case,as shown in Fig. 2. 0n one ot these posts a side piece, c', Fig. et,A is formed, which is bent, and forms a pin to which the outer` end of the mainspringis attached in the usual' manner. f These posts not only hold the movement to the case, but pert'orm the function of lthe outer part of la mainspringbarrel, in that they hold the spring when it is unwound. The middle plate, J, is connected to the back plate,C, in the following manner: The rack D has a recess, g, Fig. 4, formed in The front ends Fig. 12 is a view of a y its-front side,which is little deeper than the thickness of the middle plate, J. lInto this ref cess the middle plate fits and is placed. The

edge of the recess is set over the plate-and- Vholds it to the rack. The back plate, C, is vplaced in a like recess on the rear side ofthe rack, and is held to the rack in the same manner.. It. will be noticed that the rack answers the purpose ot' pillars, in that it connects the Y ilov middle plate, J, tothe back plate, C.

` The traiuof the movement consists of the i center wheel, E', escape-wheel and pinion on middle and back' plates and constitute theiso vbor,the wheel being arranged betweenthe its arbor,thel r three flike wheels with the pinions on theirarbor's between the centerfwhee] and escape-wheel,` and ofthe center pinion, e,

and rack yD,'wh iclifareconncctedby the planet- Vwheel E. The'tr'ainis divided v into two parts between the Ieen terwheel vandcenter pinionthat is, the centerwheel, escape-wheel, and pinion on its arbor, the ythree wheels withythe pinions on theirarbors, between the center wheel and escape-wheel,are arranged between rthe front and middle plates of thc frame and constitute the front part of the train, and the center pinion and rack, Whichpare connected by the planet-wheel, are arrangedbetween the back part 'ot' the train, the two parts being connected bythe/'center arbor, H, on which are arranged the center wheell and center pini0n',and which extends through the front plate and middle plate tov the hubgG vin the back plate, the hple'in them-iddle plate beinglarge j enough toallow. thev center' pinion Itov pass through it.

The escape-wheel has thirty-eight teeth eaeh ofthe three like wheels between the escape and center wheels has thirty-two teeth, and the center wheel has twenty-six teeth. Thef rack has sixty teeth and the planet-wheel has l twenty-six. The center pinion hasten leaves and'all the otherpinions have eight leaves' 'cach and the samediameters.

l The three wheels between the'escape and center wheels are of the 'same size, and the pivots of the a'-, hors on which they are placed'andthe pivots of the escape-wheel arbor are-,arranged inl the circumferences of circles whichv are concentric with the center arbor, andl arel also arranged] withina semicircle andin ja manner to brin g'the escape-wheel arbor near the top of the frame.

The center arbor, H, extends` through and turns in the front plate, a ndtthe minntehand is attached to its front end, its back end turning in the hub G in the back'pl ate,v0.k The center wheel, E', and the center pinion, e, are arranged andare freetoturn olr-thecenter arfront-an'd middle plates, and thejpinion b'etween the middle and back plates. Between' a shoulder on the arbor and a center/wheel spiral springpis placed which creates friction enough between the arbor and center wheel to' lows the h'andsto be mored and set to the l riglittme. Onvone end of the center. pinion "the ratchetwheel V, Fig. '7, is rigidly atf tached, and the center pinion comes against a shoulder on the arbor back of thefpinion.v The.

pawl ,U', Fig. 7, is pivoted to the center wheel,

is nearly semicircnlar inform, and resembles a verge in a recoiling escapenient. It extends nearlyhalf-way ronndj the vratchet-wheel, and uthe direction ofthe forceof thc ratchet in its forward `motioui's between an end of the pawl' and itsy pivot,and yth'e'ratchet .forcesthe ends Y ofthe pawlin and out ofthe' teeth ofthe ratchet l alternately, one-ofthe-two endsofthepawl being l' constantly backofa tooth of the ratchet. 1n its backward motion theratchet has no action on the pawl, and/atoothA ofthe ratchet comes against an endof'thfpawl-and.prevents the' l turning ofthe ratchet-.'21

The circularrack l), Fig'sand 13, hastc'eth i cut on its inside, audlormsapart of thefranie and also a part of the train, as'bel'ore mentioned. The eircularrotating disk Fis punched from sheet metal, and has acentral 4perforation. The small end' G of the hub Gis passed throngha central opening in the' back plate,

C, into the centralperforation in the disk,and

is soldered tothe disk. lThe disk and hub are thus united,are held tothe back plate, and are free to turn in the same. The hub G has a central perforation in which therearendof th'e vcenter arbor turns.

rear part ofthe huh-is enlarged and is' threaded. Into the large end of theNhnb G a pin is inserted, which forms theusua-l fastening for' the `inner endsj ot' 'rnainsprin gs. Thev planetwheel E turns `on astud'in'the circ'nlardisk F,

and connectsthe rack-withthe cen-ter pinion. The "verge and penduluniarbor is shown in points. This` mode of hanging a pendulum The perforation in the'V IOO 41`ig.1;.1,'andfis supported 4on sharp;l edges o`r Y was patented to me onN ovember 28,' 187 6, and

to this patent Ifrefer for a full and accurate description ofthis manner of hanging a pendulum. thearbors between the front andiniddle plates,

The pendulum-rod is formed to clear IIO and' has its lower end threadedand provided with an adjusting-nut in the usual manner.

On the lower end of the rod the plate S, Fig.

l12, is suitably fastened, which is a straight har with a'perforated part, s, formed on one of its sides near the middle of the bar. In the back of thependulnm ball a vslot is formed. The rod passes through the ends 'of the slot, through ftheperforation in the plate S, and through a "spiralspring `.placed in the slot, into the adjusting-nut. This device prevents the turning of the ball on the rod and forces it against the adjusting-nut, and is shown in Fig. 11. A

lheV -mninspring B is the ordinary spring used in-movements, and is attached tothe huh4 G and to'apost inthe hack plate, C, in thensual .The key is a short roundy rod, one ot' its ends being turned down and threaded, leavinga shoulder, asV shown in Fig. 1Q. The threaded 'and wellknown way.v It is centrally arranged i lin the frame, and the room for its expansion Vvaries with the size of the back plate, C.

the hub G. Through the large end a small rod passes and forms arms by which itis turned.

tion.

end is made to t the threaded perforation in In the end of one of these arms a rectangular recess' is formed which tits the back end of the center arbor and the adj usting-n ut on the pendulum-rod, and constitutes the means by which these parts are reached withoutopening the case of the clock.

The dial-work in my movement is the common dial-work in clock-movements, is wellA known to clock-makersand needs no descrip- The same is true of the dial and hands'.

In Fig. 2 the back of the case is shown, and in Fig. l the back and bottom, with the opening a in the bottom, the back and bottom being made of a single piece of sheet metal.

By the construction ot' the several parts of the movement and their arrangement, as above described, coarse teeth, large pinions, and pivots may be used,and the movementwill give as good results and occupy as little space as ordifastened; center arbor'7 the arbor to which the` minute-hand is attached, and which is centrally arranged inrespect to the dial; and center wheel and center pinion denote the `wheel and pinion which are `arran ged on the center arbor and form parts of th'e train, asidistingushed from a wheel or pinion on the center arbor (often found in American clocks) which form a part or parts ofthe dia1-work.- l v I am aware that the frames of movements have been made with three plates adapted to secure particular results; and I am aware that -the trainsof movements have'been divided (in the sensein which I use the \vord thatis,part's of trains have been arranged between dili'erent plates, but not disconnected) and that elongated pinions have been made to pass through back plates into bridges attached tothe plate and mesh with wheels held in a similar way; but l s .1. In a clock-movement having a frame consisting ot' three plates suitably connected ltogether, a train which is divided into two parts, a front part and a back part, the front part arranged between the front and middle plates ot' the frame, and the back part arranged between the middle and back plates ot' the frame, the point of division being between thel center wheel and center pinion,the said center wheel and center pinion being arranged on the center arbor carrying the minute-hand, as set forth.

' 'i 2. In a clock-movement havinga frame consisting of three plates suitably connected together, the middle plate of the frame, the said middle plate dividing the train into two parts' between the center wheel and center pinion, the said center wheel and center pinion being arranged on the center arbor carrying-the minute-hand, as set forth.

3. In a clock-movement, a frame consisting ot' three plates suitably connected together, the middle plate ot' which divides the train into two parts between the l center'wheel and centcr'pinion, the said center wheel and center pinion being arranged on the center arborcarrying the minute-hand, and the frame having the parts of the divided train arranged between its three plates, as set forth. f n

4. In a clockmovement havingaframe consisting of three plates suitably connected together, a center arbor carrying the minutehand and provided with a center wheel and center pinion,the wheel arranged between the front and middle plates-ot' the frame, and the pinion arranged between the middle and back plates of the frame, as set forth'.

5. The improvement in a c1ock-train, consistingot' three wheels suitably fastened on arbors carrying pinions,and arrangedbetween the escape-wheel and its arbor carryinga pinion, and the center arbor carrying the center wheel' and center pinion, as set forth.

6. The improvement in a clock-train, consisting of three wheels having the same ninnber of teeth and the saine diameters, suitably fastened on arbors, the pivots of which are arranged in the circumterences ot' circles concentric with the center arbor, the several arbor.; carrying pinions having the same number of leaves and the same diameters, all thev said parts arranged between the escapewheel and its arbor'carrying a pinion, and the center arborcar'rying the center wheel and center pinion, as set forth. r

7. The improvement in a clock-train, con-` sisting in the arrangement ot' the pivots ofthe escape-wheel arbor and of the pivots of the three arborscarrying the three wheels and the three pinions between the escape-wheel arbor Y and the center arborcarrying the center wheel land center pinion in a semicircle, as set forth.

' part and ai back part, by the middle' plate of a frame having three plates, the division being made between the center wheel and center pinion, the said center wheel and center pinion being arranged on the center arbor carrying the minute-hand, the escape-wheel being arranged in the front part of thc train and'neiir the top of the frame, and the pivots ot' the front part of the train beingarran ged within a semicircle, of a pendulum attached to an arbor near the top of the frame and vibrating in a plane passing between the frontand middle plates ot' the frame, as set forth.

9. In a clock-movement provided with acir- Ilo cular rack, the circular disk F, rotated by the nIum-,bfall against; the adjusting-nut, as set mainspring and carrying the planet-wheel E forth. ou y,which`conneots the rack with'the center a pinion as set forth.. t Y i Y t A{XRTHUR L. HOTCHKISS.

10. In combination with a pend alum-rod ypro- Witnesscs: vided with tho plate S, fastened to the rod, a v AGEORGE TERRY, spring arranged on the rod to hold the pendl EARLI` BROWN. 

